Auschwitz

Auschwitz is the name of a network of concentration camps located in southern Poland operated by the Third Reich in Polish areas annexed by Nazi Germany. From 1940, the government of Adolf Hitler built several concentration camps and an extermination camp in this area. The reason for its construction was the fact that the mass arrests of Jews (especially Polish), in all Europe, exceeded the capacity of conventional prisons. Auschwitz was the largest of the Nazi concentration camps, consisting of Auschwitz I (hardwork camp); Auschwitz II-Birkenau (extermination camp), Auschwitz III-Monowitz, and another 45 satellite camps.

For a long time, Auschwitz was the German name given to the city around which the camps were located. This name became official after the invasion of Poland by Germany in September 1939. "Birkenau", the German translation of Brzezinka (birch forest), originally referred to a small Polish village that was destroyed so that the field could be built.

About 1 million jews and gypsies died in all Auschwitz camps, the most common causes of death were by gas or diseases caused by lack of hygiene. 

Also, the largest medical progress ever recorded occurred there. Medics like Joseph Mengele write the best book about genetics in his time, he was known by the nickname of Angel of Death and his most famous experiments were with kids (mainly twins).

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